When a vomit is looming, a signal is sent to an area of the brain called the chemoreceptor trigger zone, or CTZ. The CTZ receives this information and determines if the threat warrants vomiting. The CTZ then communicates to other areas of the body to start the domino effect for vomiting. Before you vomit you may feel nauseous, become pale, have a cold sweat, and have an increased heart rate.
Your mouth will also produce extra saliva to protect your teeth from the incoming stomach acid. As your body prepares to vomit, the major muscles in between the neck and abdomen — the diaphragm, chest wall and the abdominal muscles — all contract at the same time.
This puts pressure on the stomach, forcing the contents in the stomach up the throat and through your mouth. Generally, a few contractions occur before vomiting, causing dry heaving. As the contractions continue, the stomach contents are up, up and away! To protect you from choking, the throat has a flap called the epiglottis which closes to stop any vomit getting into the windpipe and lungs. Nausea can sometimes be a symptom of something more serious, such as heart problems or an ulcer.
Seek urgent medical attention if you also have symptoms such as chest pain, confusion , a high fever , a stiff neck, blurred vision, severe pain in your stomach or a severe headache. Often nausea is accompanied by vomiting. See a doctor if you vomit consistently for more than 2 days 24 hours for children under 2 or 12 hours for infants , or if you vomit a lot for more than 1 month. The best thing to do if you feel nauseous is take small sips of water or herbal tea.
Sipping cold or frozen drinks may help to relieve the symptoms. Sometimes nibbling on some ginger or dry cracker biscuits can help you feel better. Try not to skip meals, as an empty stomach can make the nausea worse.
Eat small amounts more often. Some foods you may be able to manage include foods at room temperature, like sandwiches, puddings, noodles or biscuits, and salty foods like clear soup or potato crisps. Avoid fatty, spicy or very sweet foods as these can make the nausea worse.
Your doctor may prescribe medicine such as an antihistamine or an antiemetic medicine to stop you vomiting. If you are pregnant, they will choose a medicine that is safe for your baby.
Take small sips frequently and try to eat and drink at separate times. You can buy medicine from a chemist to prevent motion sickness. If you are on a ship at sea, it may help to look at the horizon.
Learn more here about the development and quality assurance of healthdirect content. Read more on raisingchildren. Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy are common and affect women differently. Dr Joe discusses the causes and morning sickness remedies in this video. Read more on Parenthub website. Read more on Canteen website. Morning sickness or nausea with or without vomiting is a common symptom of early pregnancy that is caused by changes in hormones.
The right treatment for nausea depends on the cause. People who feel nauseated because of a stomach virus may find relief from avoiding food until the vomiting stops. They can try drinking small quantities of water or an electrolyte drink and then gradually begin eating as their symptoms improve. It is best to start with bland, easily digestible foods, such as unbuttered toast. Some other strategies that may help with nausea, including nausea from cancer , pregnancy, and illnesses, include:.
Prolonged vomiting can cause serious and even life threatening complications, so it is important to tell a doctor about any vomiting that lasts longer than a few days. In many cases, a doctor may be able to prescribe an antiemetic drug, which can reduce nausea and vomiting.
A person who feels nauseated after drinking poison or another harmful substance should not try to treat the nausea. Reducing nausea will not reverse poisoning. It is essential to seek emergency medical care instead.
People who feel compelled to vomit because of shame, self-loathing, or fears about weight gain may have a condition called bulimia nervosa. Some people with eating disorders fear stigma or judgment, but eating disorders are treatable medical conditions.
Some people find inpatient treatment the most beneficial approach because it offers comprehensive care in a safe environment. For those who do not want inpatient care or cannot take time off work or school, therapy and medical management often work well.
Eating disorders have higher mortality rates than most other mental health conditions. A study that followed people with bulimia for 19 years found that 3. Seeking treatment for an eating disorder can be lifesaving. There is no medical reason to induce vomiting without guidance from a doctor. In some cases, it may even make the effects of poisoning or an underlying medical condition worse.
People concerned about nausea should ask a doctor about treatment options. Do not lie down. Find a quiet, pleasant place to eat, free of odors and distractions. Other tips that may help: Suck on hard candies or rinse your mouth with water after vomiting. Or you can rinse with the baking soda and salt solution above.
Try to get outside for some fresh air. Watch a movie or TV to take your mind away from your nausea. Your provider may also recommend medicine: Anti-nausea medicines usually start working 30 to 60 minutes after you take them.
When you come home after being treated with cancer drugs, you may want to use these medicines regularly for 1 or more days. Use them when nausea first starts. Do not wait until you feel very sick to your stomach. If you are vomiting after taking any of your medicines, tell your doctor or nurse.
Things You Should Avoid. You should avoid some specific kinds of foods when you have nausea and vomiting: Avoid greasy and processed foods, and foods that contain a lot of salt.
Some of these are white breads, pastries, doughnuts, sausage, fast-food burgers, fried foods, chips, and many canned foods. Avoid foods with strong smells.
0コメント