Bilateral anatomical regions: hypochondriac, lumbar, and iliac Each bilateral anatomical region has an associated right and left side. The four quadrants of the abdomen The abdomen can also be divided into four quadrants, known as the right upper, the left upper, the right lower, and the left lower quadrants. The two planes of the abdomen The four quadrants of the abdominal wall are used for general clinical descriptions.
Organs in the nine regions of the abdomen It is important to know the anatomical regions and quadrants of the abdomen to correlate the pain to the organs contained in each area. Recommended reading. The OMGE acute abdominal pain survey. Progress report, Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. Cultural and clinical issues in the care of Asian patients. Cleve Clin J Med. In: Cultural Competence in Health Care. Boston: Springer. Wong, C. The left lower quadrant houses the majority of the small intestine, some of the large intestine, the left half of the female reproductive system, and the left ureter.
Pain in this region is generally associated with colitis inflammation of the large intestine as well as pelvic inflammatory disease and ovarian cysts in females. The nine divisions of the abdominopelvic region are smaller than the four quadrants, allowing for a more detailed discussion. These divisions are marked by two parasagittal and two transverse planes centered around the navel. Most organs are part of multiple regions, including the gallbladder, duodenum, stomach, kidneys, spleen, small intestine and colon.
The perineum the area beneath the hypogastric region at the bottom of the pelvic cavity is sometimes considered to be a tenth division in this system. The right hypochondriac region contains the right portion of the liver, the gallbladder, the right kidney, and parts of the small intestine.
The left hypochondriac region contains part of the spleen, the left kidney, part of the stomach, the pancreas, and parts of the colon. The epigastric above stomach region contains the majority of the stomach, part of the liver, part of the pancreas, part of the duodenum, part of the spleen, and the adrenal glands.
This region pushes out when the diaphragm contracts during breathing. The right lumbar region consists of the gallbladder, the left kidney, part of the liver, and the ascending colon.
The left lumbar region consists of the descending colon, the left kidney, and part of the spleen. The umbilical region contains the umbilicus navel , and many parts of the small intestine, such as part of the duodenum, the jejunum, and the illeum.
It also contains the transverse colon the section between the ascending and descending colons and the bottom portions of both the left and right kidney. The right iliac region contains the appendix, cecum, and the right iliac fossa. It is also commonly referred to as the right inguinal region. Pain in this area is generally associated with appendicitis. Unlike the regions on the left and right side columns, these regions are named after their location relative to the stomach , not the bones.
If you need a quick memory trick to keep these regions straight, remember that for the side columns, the names are the same from top to bottom: Hypochondriac, then Lumbar, and then Iliac HLI. Ready to test your knowledge? Take our free and quick! Sign Up. Become a Gold Supporter and see no ads. Log in Sign up. Articles Cases Courses Quiz. About Recent Edits Go ad-free. Edit article. View revision history Report problem with Article. Citation, DOI and article data.
Wijayagoonawardana, P. Abdominal surface anatomy. Reference article, Radiopaedia. Gastrointestinal , Hepatobiliary , Gynaecology , Musculoskeletal.
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