Naturalism used detailed realism to propose that social conditions, heredity, and environment were the three main forces in shaping human character. Naturalism was largely influenced by the theories of Charles Darwin and naturalistic authors that attempted to apply scientific theories to literature.
Therefore, they took a detached and clinical tone. Naturalism often portrayed middle class or lower-class characters.
The main themes of naturalism involved violence and taboo activities. Naturalistic novels are particularly pessimistic. The literal work of the French novelist Emile Zola is considered to be the origins of the Naturalistic movement. Naturalism focused on determinism, or the inability of human beings to resist the biological, social, and economic forces that control their behavior and their fate.
Naturalism is usually considered to be an outgrowth of realism in its pursuit of realistic depictions, but naturalist fiction was more. Realism and Naturalism are two separate literary movements that are closely linked. With a significant difference between them, both movements portray life as it is. Aimie Carlson is an English language enthusiast who loves writing and has a master degree in English literature. Follow her on Twitter at AimieCarlson. Aimie Carlson. June 11, Aimie Carlson Aimie Carlson is an English language enthusiast who loves writing and has a master degree in English literature.
Previous Post. As an aftereffect of the Revolution of France, the Realism era witnessed the rise in the stories of the common man. Literature moved away from the noble figures and entered the lives of the middle and working classes.
Arts revolved around the common man. Positivist Philosophy by Auguste Comte influenced Europe to indulge in the scientific and sociological study of society. Professional Journalism, which rose during the same era, did not fail to record the events as they happened. Intellectual movements like these influenced the artists of the Realism era.
The Realism era portrayed a realistic idea of society through various forms of art. Naturalism was a continuation of Realism. It followed Realistic ideals by including determinism and the methods of natural sciences. As a literary movement born out of Realism, it holds on to Realistic ideas like the rejection of Romanticism. It was widespread in late 19th century Europe.
The literary movement Naturalism originated in France and had its roots in the works of Hippolyte Taine. Zola emphasized imparting scientific methods in the literature and conducting controlled experiments with the characters acting as the phenomena.
Naturalism had different factions within it and, authors had divided opinions. American Naturalism was popular in the American region. This movement was popularized by Frank Norris. It does not employ artistic conventions or improbable and supernatural events. Realist authors tell stories about everyday experiences of ordinary people without flair or overly dramatic tones. Realism as a literary movement emerged in France in and later spread throughout Europe and the rest of the world.
It was seen as an attempt to depict the lives of the middle and lower classes and as a reaction to romanticism, which tells stories of royalty, the rich and even divinity.
Realism broke this traditional style and instead presented stories of the working class. There were no romantic heroes or enthralling deities, just stories about ordinary people the masses could easily identify with. Leo Tolstoy, regarded as one of the greatest writers of all time, was a realist. Naturalism was the evolution of realism that became popular during the s. Naturalists avoided the supernatural, symbolism and fantasy.
While authors of naturalism aligned themselves with realism, they chose to write about the grittier, darker side of society. They wrote about corruption, poverty, violence, prostitution and misery. It is because of these dark themes that naturalists were often criticized for being too pessimistic.
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